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CHAPTER 4: THE JUDICIAL BRANCH /
CAPÍTULO 4: LA RAMA JUDICIAL

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NOTA: haga clic en los números rojos para ver las preguntas relacionadas del examen de ciudadanía de 2025.

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In this chapter, you will learn about:

  • The Judicial Branch.
  • The Supreme Court.

The Judicial Branch is one branch or part of the government.[q16]

The parts of the Judicial Branch are the Supreme Court and other federal courts.[q50] The Supreme Court is the highest court in the United States.[q52] This means that the Supreme Court's decision about a law or legal case is final. The other federal courts are sometimes called lower federal courts.

When the Founders wrote the Constitution, they did not want the judges who serve on the Supreme Court and on other federal courts to make decisions about the law based on politics or elections. [q56] Judges who serve on the Supreme Court and other federal courts are sometimes called federal judges. The Founders wanted federal judges to make decisions based on the Constitution and the rule of law. This is why federal judges are not elected to office. [q55] The President nominates someone to become a federal judge on the Supreme Court[q45] or on a lower federal court. That person must also be approved by the U.S. Senate to become a federal judge.

The process for a person to become a federal judge is an example of the separation of powers of government because all three branches of government are involved. The separation of powers is important because it stops one branch of government from becoming too powerful.[q15]

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The Judicial is one of the three branches of the US government.Three levels of the federal court system

[Diagram: U.S. Government — Legislative Branch (Congress), Executive Branch (President), Judicial Branch (Supreme Court). Federal Court System — U.S. Supreme Court: 1 Court; U.S. Court of Appeals: 13 Circuits; U.S. District Courts: 94 Districts.]

[Photo: Supreme Court Justices Clarence Thomas and Antonin Scalia.]

[p29]

En este capítulo, aprenderá sobre:

  • La Rama Judicial.
  • La Corte Suprema.

La Rama Judicial es una rama o parte del gobierno.

Las partes de la Rama Judicial son la Corte Suprema y otros tribunales federales. La Corte Suprema es el tribunal más alto de los Estados Unidos. Esto significa que la decisión de la Corte Suprema sobre una ley o caso legal es final. Los otros tribunales federales a veces se llaman tribunales federales inferiores.

Cuando los Fundadores escribieron la Constitución, no querían que los jueces que sirven en la Corte Suprema y en otros tribunales federales tomaran decisiones sobre la ley basadas en la política o elecciones. Los jueces que sirven en la Corte Suprema y otros tribunales federales a veces se llaman jueces federales. Los Fundadores querían que los jueces federales tomaran decisiones basadas en la Constitución y el estado de derecho. Esta es la razón por la cual los jueces federales no son elegidos para el cargo. El Presidente nomina a alguien para convertirse en juez federal en la Corte Suprema o en un tribunal federal inferior. Esa persona también debe ser aprobada por el Senado de los Estados Unidos para convertirse en juez federal.

El proceso para que una persona se convierta en juez federal es un ejemplo de la separación de poderes del gobierno porque las tres ramas del gobierno están involucradas. La separación de poderes es importante porque evita que una rama del gobierno se vuelva demasiado poderosa.

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[Diagrama: Gobierno de los Estados Unidos — Rama Legislativa (Congreso), Rama Ejecutiva (Presidente), Rama Judicial (Corte Suprema). Sistema de Tribunales Federales — Corte Suprema de los Estados Unidos: 1 Tribunal; Tribunal de Apelaciones de los Estados Unidos: 13 Circuitos; Tribunales de Distrito de los Estados Unidos: 94 Distritos.]

[Foto: Jueces de la Corte Suprema Clarence Thomas y Antonin Scalia.]

THE JUDICIAL BRANCH / LA RAMA JUDICIAL

SUPREME COURT JUSTICES / JUECES DE LA CORTE SUPREMA

English
Question 02

What is the supreme law of the land? *

English
Question 09

What founding document said the American colonies were free from Britain?

English
Question 15

There are three branches of government. Why?

English
Question 16

Name the three branches of government.

English
Question 45

Who appoints federal judges?

English
Question 50

What is one part of the judicial branch?

English
Question 51

What does the judicial branch do?

English
Question 52

What is the highest court in the United States? *

English
Question 53

How many seats are on the Supreme Court?

English
Question 54

How many Supreme Court justices are usually needed to decide a case?

English
Question 55

How long do Supreme Court justices serve?

English
Question 56

Supreme Court justices serve for life. Why?

English
Question 57

Who is the Chief Justice of the United States now?